Curvature study and apical foramen conformity in roots of first maxillary molar teeth

Introduction: Knowledge of curvature situation of teeth plays an important role
in successful endodontics treatment. For a proper endodontic treatment, it is not
only important to know the form of normal anatomy of teeth but one must also
know its possible different form. The goal of this study was curvature study of
the first maxillary molar human teeth.
Methods: In this descriptive study curvature situation of the first maxillary molar
teeth, of 105 human teeth with unknown age, gender and cause of extraction were
investigated. They were collected so as to ensure molarity of the sample. When
the samples were cleaned manually, they were put in a dish containing diluted
sodium hypochlorite. An appropriate access cavity was prepared. 1% fuchsine
was used for dyeing for 20 min. Dye permeation into the making it easier to
identify the canal position.
Three methods of study, by observation, by X-ray stereotypes and by crosssections
were used in order to recognize the number and type of the canals,
number of canal openings, number of apical foramens, bending direction in the
root, the compatibility of root end and the schema of the bottom of the access
cavity. The results are provided in special ID certificate according to the relevant
codes.
The cross-sections were more emphasized in studying the number and type of the
canals, and the observation and X-ray methods were used for studying the
bending of the canal. The schema of the foramen apical was studied by
observation and cross-sections.
Results: The results of the research were as follows. A curve was observed in
63.8% of the palatal roots, 48.6% of the distal roots and 80% of the mesial roots.
Apical foramens matched the end surface of the apex root in 55.2% of the palatal
roots. 54.3% of the distal roots and 46.7% of the mesial roots.
Conclusion: The probability of existence curve in the mesiobuccal root in first
maxillary molar is more than the other roots but match of apical foramen with the
end surface of the apex root is less than the other roots.